The Danish training ship, København, owned by the East Asiatic Company of Copenhagen, the largest sailing ship built in Britain, at Leith, a five master, arrived at Port Germein on New Year's Day, 1924 and stayed until January 15th, 1924. It is pictured below, loading wheat at Port Germein, in a photo provided by Robyn Holthouse. The photo belonged to Millicent Spencer, Robyn's Aunt and a long time resident of Port Germein.

Its figurehead, beautifully carved, was Absalon, the first Christian Bishop of Copenhagen, depicted with head high and carrying an axe. On the end of the bowsprite was affixed a shark's tail to bring fair winds. The ship was 393 feet in length and carried 55,000 bags of wheat. She carried 100 sails, including spares and when fully rigged she had 40 aloft on the five masts. In addition to the sails a 640 hp diesel engine was installed.
(from 'Please Sir, Let's Do History,' text by Roy Parkes and pupils at Port Germein Primary School, edited by Rita Purvis)

A "Visitor" to Port Germein briefly mentioned the arrival of the ship, in a long, flowery article about New Year's Day at Port Germein, in 'The Recorder' of January 4th, 1924:
In the early morning the largest sailing ship in the world, the Kobenhaven, slowly entered the bay and anchored. There were three large ocean-going steamers at anchor, and all the vessels had a good display of bunting. With the smaller steamers plying between Port Pirie and Germein and white-winged craft sailing swiftly about, an air of briskness and importance was given to the pretty scene. Officers from the vessels engaged in cricket on the beach, a number of lascars mingled with the crowd, and seamen chattered in an unknown tongue.

Here is a list of the crew on the ship at Port Germein in January, 1924, with thanks to Thorbjørn Thaarup of the Danish Maritime Museum. Many of the cadets were from wealthy or even noble families, as learning about the sea on a sailing ship was compulsory for a ship's officer in the merchant marine. When the ship was in Port Germein, a ball was held aboard, which is mentioned in the diaries below.

There were cadets on board as it was a training ship. The townspeople entertained them, and I remember my parents telling the story of having two of the cadets on the farm for the day. Unfortunately, the ship and all aboard were lost.
Brenda Leitch

The ship was on a journey from Buenos Aires to Australia, leaving on December 14, 1928, headed for Melbourne and Adelaide. When it disappeared the Australian interstate steamer,'Junee,' not much bigger than a Manly ferry, was fitted with auxiliary sails and sent on a prolonged search for 'København.' No trace was found and 'Junee' was lucky to survive. Without the sails she would have been in serious trouble. The Danish tanker, 'Mexico,' searched, funded largely by relatives of the missing men. 'SS Deucalion,' tanker 'Panama' and 'SS Beltana' also participated in the hunt.
Noel Smith

If you click on this underwriting link you will see a copy of a survey note from 'København.' The document was found in the old harbour master's office at Pt Germein and donated to the Port Pirie Museum where it was supposed to be framed and exhibited. Sadly that didn't happen and it was lost for many years before being found in this badly degraded condition. Noel Smith was able to get a copy. The steel vessel, owned by the East Asiatic Co. Ltd and under the Danish flag had arrived from Sydney on the first of January, 1924. It was surveyed while afloat on January 3rd, 1924

Ships of the East Asiatic line| Fivemast ships| Danish Maritime Museum| Pictures of the 'København'| East Asiatic Company|

Australian News about the København.

On our recent visit (July 2015) to the new Ship Museum in Helsingør, I was disappointed to see so little on display about the København, because I know they have a lot of very interesting material. The place, built inside an old shipyard and next to the castle, looks fabulous and is probably one of the coolest places I have ever been in my life. The displays were sensational and interactive and I am sure would appeal to all, especially the young, but I couldn't help feeling that functionality has been sacrificed for appearance. It seems amazing that you would build a new place specifically for displaying ship history and then have to store many of your artefacts like model ships elsewhere. With so much room, couldn't storage have been made on site as well? I know that displays will be changed at regular intervals and that they probably ran out of money, but how you look is not the only thing that matters. I was, however, lucky to find one good film about the ship in a series of 3 films about shipping disasters.
The same comment applies to the souvenir/gift shop. While having designer nautical themed clothes may appeal to some of the visitors, most ordinary people like us are not going to want to pay $100 or so for a top. They should have some cheaper but tasteful and relevant souvenirs. There were not even that many books about ships. I did buy a DVD about "L'Avenir" and they had the DVD about the " København" too which was excellent.

I really felt the need to revisit all the information about the København on our return to Australia, and so I went back to TROVE and corrected and compiled the news stories in text form. I note that several other people are editing the stories too and probably feel the same fascination. There is so much information, not all of it accurately spelt or even correct and much of it repeated, but it does build up to a compelling story.
I see that there was a return to Tristan Da Cunha in 2012 examining wreckage that has been found. The Danish Maritime Museum seems to be involved so I am hoping that there may be news eventually.
I have included a few of the better newspaper pictures related to the stories. All are from Australian newspapers.

Australian News about the København in regular text.

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Port Victoria Friday 18 January
I helped hosing and cleaning the under tank. In the afternoon we were setting up mats in the cargo hull. We were still loading from the steamer.

The diaries are written in cursive and quite difficult to translate in places because of handwriting style, shipping terms, abbreviations and some errors in punctuation. Obviously a school type exercise, the diaries have been marked and corrected but in some places the cadets have corrected themselves, not crossing out but using brackets or writing in the margin. We have tried to translate them as faithfully as possible, including obvious errors like the spelling of Port Germein which is confused with Saint Germain. It seems they were not encouraged to see much of the local area but were kept on board polishing and scrubbing. While the diaries give an idea of their daily routine, there is no personal comment.

We were kindly given photocopies at the Danish Maritime Museum at Kronberg Castle, Helsingør, Denmark. A wealth of material available there is still being catalogued and studied.

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VOYAGES OF THE KØBENHAVN
The 'København' made 8 voyages from 1921 to 1928 but sadly disappeared on the 9th/10 trip, from Buenos Aires to Australia. On the crew lists of the voyages were hand written, in cursive, the ports visited during each trip, and I thought it interesting to record them, but it has been difficult to decipher some of the names, especially since ports well known to sailors then are not necessarily well known to us now. Sometimes only the arrival or departure date was marked on the lists, not the overall time spent at a stop. Extra information has come from an account of the ship's journeys and history by Hanne Poulsen (received March, 2011) and translated using Google. Here is an index card of some of the voyages from maritime records in San Francisco.

TRIP 1 PACIFIC-EAST 30/9/1921 to 29/11/1922 Captain Niels Juel-Brockdorff Leith, Scotland 30-9-1921 København, Denmark 4-10-21 to 26-10-21 Tyne, Newcastle England 2-11-21 Newcastle, England 17-11-21 Antwerp, Belgium loading coal, coke, brick, limestone, kaolin, iron 1-12-21 St Thomas (near Panama) 27-12-21 Panama Canal 4-1-1922 San Francisco, USA 18-2-22 to 26-3-22 San Pedro, USA 28-3-22 to 6-4-22 (the port of Los Angeles) Honolulu 18-4-22 to 22-4-22 Vladivostok, Russia loading 3700 tons soybeans 19-5-22 to 28-5-22 Dalny (Russian port at end of trans Siberian railway in China) loading soybean oil 5-6-22 to 19-6-22 Sunda Strait (Indonesia) 19-7-22 Cape Good Hope 18-8-22 St Helena (South Atlantic island, British Territory) to collect fresh supplies and mail 30-8-22 to 1-9-22 Swinemunde (now Swinoujscie, Poland) 17-10-22 Stettin (now Szczecin, Poland) via River Oder 21-10-22 to 6-11-22 København 7-11-22 to 29-11-22	TRIP 2 SOUTH AMERICA 29-11-1922 to 6-5-1923 Captain Jens Mortensen (formerly first mate) Nørresundby, Denmark left 29-11-1922 Buenos Aires, Argentina København, Denmark arrived 6-5-23 The ship travelled with a cargo of cement from Portland Cement, Nørresundby. They spent 4 weeks in Buenos Aires and enjoyed the hospitality of the Danish community there, celebrating it with a social for 300 Danes on board ship. The new cargo from Argentina was flax seed destined for Goteborg in Sweden. In 1922 the East Asiatic Company (EAC) celebrated 25 years in business and its founder, HN Andersen, was 70 years old, so a Christmas stamp designed by Christian Mølsted and featuring the wonderful new sailing ship was an appropriate tribute.
TRIP 3 NORTH PACIFIC-AUSTRALIA 23/5/1923 to 29/5/1924 Captain Jens Mortensen København, Denmark 25-5-1923 Nørresundby, Denmark with cement 26-5-23 to 7-6-23 Cristobal, Panama (Atlantic (top on map) side of Panama Canal) 11-7-23 to-11-9-23 Balboa (on Pacific entrance to Panama Canal-run by Canal Zone Government until 1979-now incorportated into the Republic of Panama)11-7-23 to 12-7-23 Honolulu 5-8-23 to 22/8/23 Frisco (San Francisco), USA unloaded chalk 4-9-23 to 6-9-23 Pittsburg, California (in from San Francisco Bay) 6-9-23 to 9-9-23 Eureka, California, USA timber 13-9-23 to 22-9-23 Astoria, Oregon, USA timber 24-9-23 to 28-9-23 Portland, Oregon, USA taking on timber 29-9 23 to 12-10-23 Sydney, Australia timber unloaded 25-11-23 to 19-12-23 False Bay (near Whyalla) South Australia 28-12-23 to 1-1-24 Port Germein, South Australia loading wheat 1-1-1924 to 15-1-1924 Port Victoria, loading wheat South Australia 16-1-24 to 2-2-24 Verdun, France 20-4-24 to 1-5-24 Bordeaux, France 1-5-24 to 21-5-24 København 29-5-1924	TRIP 4 SOUTH-AFRICA 13/6/1924 to 19/1/1925 Captain Jens Mortensen København, Denmark 14-6-1924 Kotka, Southern Finland loading timber 18-6-24 to 2-7-24 Frederikshamn, Finland (Hamina in Finnish) loading timber 3-7-24 to 16-7-24 Skagen, Denmark 22-7-24 Durban, South Africa unloaded wood 22-9-24 to 4-10-24 Lourenco Marques, Delagoa Bay, now Maputo Bay, Mozambique, Africa unloaded wood and took on corn 7-10-24 to 25-10-24 Beira, Mozambique loaded corn 29-10-24 to 25-11-24 London 19-1-1925 The picture shows the original model of 'København' made for the East Asiatic Company, at the Danish Maritime Museum
TRIP 5 BANGKOK-SINGAPORE 6/3/1925 to 22/8/1925 Captain Jens Mortensen London 1-3-1925 Gibraltar 8-3-25 Port Said 24-3-25 Suez 26-3-25 Aden 5-4-25 Singapore 25-4-25 Bangkok, Thailand 3-5-25 to 11-5-25 Koh-Sichang, Thailand (an island near Bangkok in the Gulf of Thailand) 12-5-25 to 15-5-25 Singpore 20-5-25 to 25-5-25 Perim, 25-6-25 (a small volcanic island at the entrance to the Red Sea, occupied by the British until 1967 when it became part of Yemen.) Suez Canal 7-7-25 Port Said, Egypt to 10-7-25 Gibraltar 26-7-25 Dover, England 6-8-25 Hamburg, Germany 8-8-25 to 18-8-25 København, Denmark 22-8-1925	TRIP 6 Australia-Easterly again via Cape 4/9/1925 to 10/8/1926 Captain H K Christensen København 4-9-1925 Danzig, (now in Poland, renamed Gdansk) 6-9-25 to 11-10-25 Skagen, Denmark 16-10-25 Plymouth, England 28-10-25 to 14-12-25 because of a serious fire and repairs which had to be made to the ship Cape of Good Hope, South Africa 3-2-1926 Melbourne 15-3-26 to 4-4-26 Lambok, Indonesia 24-4-26 Sourabaya, Java, Indonesia 26-4-26 to 2-5-26 Probolinggo, Java Indonesia 3-5-26 to 14-5-26 Banyuwangi, Indonesia 14-5-26 to 19-5-26 Cape of Good Hope 20-6-26 St Helena, South Atlantic 1-7-26 Skagen, Denmark 11-8-26 København, Denmark 10-8-1926
TRIP 7 AUSTRALIA-LIVERPOOL 22/9/1926 to 19/7/1927 Captain H K Christensen København, Denmark 22-9-1926 Adelaide, South Australia 6-12-26 to 11-1-1927 Thevenard, South Australia 13-1-27 to 15-2-27 Adelaide, South Australia 18-2-27 to 1-3-27 Cape of Good Hope 12-4-27 Falmouth, England 17-6-27 to 29-6-27 Liverpool, England 2-7-27 Birkenhead, England 19-7-27	TRIP 8 WEST COAST-SOUTH AMERICA 25/7/1927 to 22/7/1928 Captain H.K. Christensen Liverpool, England 31-7-1927 Panama 30-8-27 Callao, Peru 20-9-27 to 23-9-27 Caleta Colusa, Argentina 1-10-27 to 18-10-27 Skagen 5-1-1928 Korsør, Denmark 7-1-1928 to 20-2-1928 København 22-2-1928
TRIP 9, 10 BUENOS AIRES-AUSTRALIA 14/12/1928 to Adelaide, Australia Captain Hans Ferdinand Andersen The crew list I have for the 9th voyage is marked Buenos Aires at the top and dated 15-3-1928. The ship was again in Buenos Aires on its 10th voyage in the Autumn/Winter of 1928 Left Montevideo, Uruguay on 12-12-1928 Left Buenos Aires, Argentina on 14-12-1928, headed for Adelaide, South Australia to take on wheat, commanded by Captain H.F. (Hans Ferdinand) Andersen On board were about 15 sailors and 45 cadets. She had no cargo but sailed with ballast. Made radio contact with 'SS Arizona' on 17-12-1928 Radio contact with Norwegian steamship 'William Blumer' and 'SS City of Auckland' on 21-12-1928 said that all was well and the cadets were making Christmas preparations. The East Asiatic Company was slow to react believing that its wonderful, strong ship would prevail. Seven months after the ship sailed a search was conducted by the Australian ship 'Junee' and by the Danish tanker ship, 'Mexico,' and 12 others, much of the money raised by grieving parents of the missing sailors No trace of the vessel was ever found and it was removed from Lloyds List on 20th June, 1929. Of 150 students on the ship, 45 died with the ship, 17 ran away, 50 served with other companies and only 14 students continued as officers with EAC. The story may be seen in the Danish documentary, 'FORLISET, Skoleskibet København'

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